Bullying - Eva Hartiningsih (1788203031)

          Bullying is an act or behavior carried out by hurting in physical, verbal or emotional / psychological form by a person or group who feels stronger to the victim who is more physically or mentally weak repeatedly without any resistance in order to make the victim suffer. The definition of Blanck and Jackson ( 2007 ) bullying is a proactive type of aggressive behavior in which there is a deliberate aspect to dominating, hurting, or getting rid of any chance to dominate, hurt or get rid of, there is an imbalance of strength both physically, age or cognitive, skill and social status, and repeated repeat by one or several children against another child. The definition of Sajiwa ( 2008 )  bullying is a situation where there is an abuse of physical or mental power carried out by a person or group, and in this situation the victim is unable to defend or defend himself. Bullying is the use of force, threat, or abuse, intimidate or aggressively domination there. The behavior is often repeated and habitual. One essential prerequisite is the perception, by the bully or by others, of an imbalance of social or physical power, which distinguishes bullying from conflict. Behaviors use to assert such domination can include verbal harassment or threat, physical assault or coercion, and such acts may be directed repeatedly towards particular targets. Rationalizations of such behavior sometimes include differences of social class, race, religion, gender, sexual orientation, lineage, strength, size or ability. If bullying is done by a group, it is called mobbing. Bullying can be defined in many different ways. The United Kingdom has no legal definition of bullying, while some states in the United States have laws against it. Bullying is divided into four basic types of abuse emotional ( sometimes, called relation ), verbal, physical, and cyber. It typically involves subtle methods of coercion, such as intimidation. A bullying cultural can develop in any context in which humans interact with each other. This includes school, family, the workplace, home. The main platform form bullying is on social media websites. Even sometimes we unconsciously bully others. To avoid this, we need to know the basic forms of bullying first. Bullying can be done in various forms, ranging from verbal abuse to physical attacks. Bullying is classified into four types.

         First, Verbal bullying is all forms of bullying that rely on the use of words or language to attack targets. Examples of verbal bullying include insulting, mocking, mocking or insinuating someone. Physical appearance, sexual orientation, gender and race are examples of things that are most often used as ingredients of verbal mockery or attacks. Bullying verbal is the most common type of bullying. Physical bullying is all forms of bullying that involve abuse or physical attacks. Examples of physical bullying include hitting, pushing, grabbing, slapping, kicking or pelting someone. Damaging, hiding or taking other people’s items is also categorized as physical bullying. Social bullying is a type of bullying that is carried out to bring down a person’s social reputation. This type of bullying is usually done behind the victim. Examples of social issue include spreading gossip, isolating someone, intentionally leaving someone behind, and putting on a harassing expression or gesture.  Cyberbullying is all forms of bullying carried out with the help of electronic media such as cellphones or computers, via SMS, e-mail, social networking and other electronic social services. Examples of bullying include sending abusive messages, posting offensive comments, posting embarrassing photos or videos or faking someone’s profile.

            Second,  there are four types of bullying in school  namely, emotional a deliberate attempt to hurt others. Examples of emotional bullying are cruel ridicule, talking arbitrarily or vilifying others behind, spreading embarrassing rumors, putting on facial expressions or gestures, body insulting and isolating children from their group activities. Children’s behavior in schools that are classified as emotional bullying is to use a parent’s name as call for a child. Bullying at home, your intimidation is just as dangerous as bullying in school according to studies . As repordet by Nydailynews ( 17/6 ), University of  New Hampshire researchers say bullying in families has serious mental health problems in children, including depression and anxiety.

             Third, the effects of bullying can threaten every party involved, both children who are bullied, children who bully, children who witness bullying, even school with bullying issues as a whole. Bullying can have a negative influence on physical health. And mental children in severe cases, bullying can be a trigger for fatal actions, such as suicide. Negative impact of bullying, children who are victims of bullying sre more at risk of experiencing various health  problems, both physically and mentally. The problems that are more likely to be suffered by children who become victims ofbullying include, the emergence of various mental problems such as depression, anxiety and sleep problems ( see graph above ). This problem may be carried into adulthood. Complaints of physical health, such as headaches, abdominal pain and muscle tension ( see chart above ). Feelings of insecurity while in a school environment decreased enthusiasm for learning and academic achievement in quite rare cased, child victims bullying might show the nature of violence.

            Conclusion, bullying is an act that is not very good can make a person become depressed. Bullying is very influential for children, we as parents must supervise our children against the dangers of bullying in the school environment and in the home environment. Because the impact of bullying is very language, it can also make children healthy.